# Lip Gloss

Style definitions for nice terminal layouts. Built with TUIs in mind. ![Lip Gloss example](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7950b1c1-e0e3-427e-8e7d-6f7f6ad17ca7) Lip Gloss takes an expressive, declarative approach to terminal rendering. Users familiar with CSS will feel at home with Lip Gloss. ```go import "github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss" var style = lipgloss.NewStyle(). Bold(true). Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#FAFAFA")). Background(lipgloss.Color("#7D56F4")). PaddingTop(2). PaddingLeft(4). Width(22) fmt.Println(style.Render("Hello, kitty")) ``` ## Colors Lip Gloss supports the following color profiles: ### ANSI 16 colors (4-bit) ```go lipgloss.Color("5") // magenta lipgloss.Color("9") // red lipgloss.Color("12") // light blue ``` ### ANSI 256 Colors (8-bit) ```go lipgloss.Color("86") // aqua lipgloss.Color("201") // hot pink lipgloss.Color("202") // orange ``` ### True Color (16,777,216 colors; 24-bit) ```go lipgloss.Color("#0000FF") // good ol' 100% blue lipgloss.Color("#04B575") // a green lipgloss.Color("#3C3C3C") // a dark gray ``` ...as well as a 1-bit ASCII profile, which is black and white only. The terminal's color profile will be automatically detected, and colors outside the gamut of the current palette will be automatically coerced to their closest available value. ### Adaptive Colors You can also specify color options for light and dark backgrounds: ```go lipgloss.AdaptiveColor{Light: "236", Dark: "248"} ``` The terminal's background color will automatically be detected and the appropriate color will be chosen at runtime. ### Complete Colors CompleteColor specifies exact values for True Color, ANSI256, and ANSI color profiles. ```go lipgloss.CompleteColor{TrueColor: "#0000FF", ANSI256: "86", ANSI: "5"} ``` Automatic color degradation will not be performed in this case and it will be based on the color specified. ### Complete Adaptive Colors You can use `CompleteColor` with `AdaptiveColor` to specify the exact values for light and dark backgrounds without automatic color degradation. ```go lipgloss.CompleteAdaptiveColor{ Light: CompleteColor{TrueColor: "#d7ffae", ANSI256: "193", ANSI: "11"}, Dark: CompleteColor{TrueColor: "#d75fee", ANSI256: "163", ANSI: "5"}, } ``` ## Inline Formatting Lip Gloss supports the usual ANSI text formatting options: ```go var style = lipgloss.NewStyle(). Bold(true). Italic(true). Faint(true). Blink(true). Strikethrough(true). Underline(true). Reverse(true) ``` ## Block-Level Formatting Lip Gloss also supports rules for block-level formatting: ```go // Padding var style = lipgloss.NewStyle(). PaddingTop(2). PaddingRight(4). PaddingBottom(2). PaddingLeft(4) // Margins var style = lipgloss.NewStyle(). MarginTop(2). MarginRight(4). MarginBottom(2). MarginLeft(4) ``` There is also shorthand syntax for margins and padding, which follows the same format as CSS: ```go // 2 cells on all sides lipgloss.NewStyle().Padding(2) // 2 cells on the top and bottom, 4 cells on the left and right lipgloss.NewStyle().Margin(2, 4) // 1 cell on the top, 4 cells on the sides, 2 cells on the bottom lipgloss.NewStyle().Padding(1, 4, 2) // Clockwise, starting from the top: 2 cells on the top, 4 on the right, 3 on // the bottom, and 1 on the left lipgloss.NewStyle().Margin(2, 4, 3, 1) ``` ## Aligning Text You can align paragraphs of text to the left, right, or center. ```go var style = lipgloss.NewStyle(). Width(24). Align(lipgloss.Left). // align it left Align(lipgloss.Right). // no wait, align it right Align(lipgloss.Center) // just kidding, align it in the center ``` ## Width and Height Setting a minimum width and height is simple and straightforward. ```go var style = lipgloss.NewStyle(). SetString("What’s for lunch?"). Width(24). Height(32). Foreground(lipgloss.Color("63")) ``` ## Borders Adding borders is easy: ```go // Add a purple, rectangular border var style = lipgloss.NewStyle(). BorderStyle(lipgloss.NormalBorder()). BorderForeground(lipgloss.Color("63")) // Set a rounded, yellow-on-purple border to the top and left var anotherStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle(). BorderStyle(lipgloss.RoundedBorder()). BorderForeground(lipgloss.Color("228")). BorderBackground(lipgloss.Color("63")). BorderTop(true). BorderLeft(true) // Make your own border var myCuteBorder = lipgloss.Border{ Top: "._.:*:", Bottom: "._.:*:", Left: "|*", Right: "|*", TopLeft: "*", TopRight: "*", BottomLeft: "*", BottomRight: "*", } ``` There are also shorthand functions for defining borders, which follow a similar pattern to the margin and padding shorthand functions. ```go // Add a thick border to the top and bottom lipgloss.NewStyle(). Border(lipgloss.ThickBorder(), true, false) // Add a double border to the top and left sides. Rules are set clockwise // from top. lipgloss.NewStyle(). Border(lipgloss.DoubleBorder(), true, false, false, true) ``` For more on borders see [the docs][docs]. ## Copying Styles Just use assignment: ```go style := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("219")) copiedStyle := style // this is a true copy wildStyle := style.Blink(true) // this is also true copy, with blink added ``` Since `Style` data structures contains only primitive types, assigning a style to another effectively creates a new copy of the style without mutating the original. ## Inheritance Styles can inherit rules from other styles. When inheriting, only unset rules on the receiver are inherited. ```go var styleA = lipgloss.NewStyle(). Foreground(lipgloss.Color("229")). Background(lipgloss.Color("63")) // Only the background color will be inherited here, because the foreground // color will have been already set: var styleB = lipgloss.NewStyle(). Foreground(lipgloss.Color("201")). Inherit(styleA) ``` ## Unsetting Rules All rules can be unset: ```go var style = lipgloss.NewStyle(). Bold(true). // make it bold UnsetBold(). // jk don't make it bold Background(lipgloss.Color("227")). // yellow background UnsetBackground() // never mind ``` When a rule is unset, it won't be inherited or copied. ## Enforcing Rules Sometimes, such as when developing a component, you want to make sure style definitions respect their intended purpose in the UI. This is where `Inline` and `MaxWidth`, and `MaxHeight` come in: ```go // Force rendering onto a single line, ignoring margins, padding, and borders. someStyle.Inline(true).Render("yadda yadda") // Also limit rendering to five cells someStyle.Inline(true).MaxWidth(5).Render("yadda yadda") // Limit rendering to a 5x5 cell block someStyle.MaxWidth(5).MaxHeight(5).Render("yadda yadda") ``` ## Tabs The tab character (`\t`) is rendered differently in different terminals (often as 8 spaces, sometimes 4). Because of this inconsistency, Lip Gloss converts tabs to 4 spaces at render time. This behavior can be changed on a per-style basis, however: ```go style := lipgloss.NewStyle() // tabs will render as 4 spaces, the default style = style.TabWidth(2) // render tabs as 2 spaces style = style.TabWidth(0) // remove tabs entirely style = style.TabWidth(lipgloss.NoTabConversion) // leave tabs intact ``` ## Rendering Generally, you just call the `Render(string...)` method on a `lipgloss.Style`: ```go style := lipgloss.NewStyle().Bold(true).SetString("Hello,") fmt.Println(style.Render("kitty.")) // Hello, kitty. fmt.Println(style.Render("puppy.")) // Hello, puppy. ``` But you could also use the Stringer interface: ```go var style = lipgloss.NewStyle().SetString("你好，猫咪。").Bold(true) fmt.Println(style) // 你好，猫咪。 ``` ### Custom Renderers Custom renderers allow you to render to a specific outputs. This is particularly important when you want to render to different outputs and correctly detect the color profile and dark background status for each, such as in a server-client situation. ```go func myLittleHandler(sess ssh.Session) { // Create a renderer for the client. renderer := lipgloss.NewRenderer(sess) // Create a new style on the renderer. style := renderer.NewStyle().Background(lipgloss.AdaptiveColor{Light: "63", Dark: "228"}) // Render. The color profile and dark background state will be correctly detected. io.WriteString(sess, style.Render("Heyyyyyyy")) } ``` For an example on using a custom renderer over SSH with [Wish][wish] see the [SSH example][ssh-example]. ## Utilities In addition to pure styling, Lip Gloss also ships with some utilities to help assemble your layouts. ### Joining Paragraphs Horizontally and vertically joining paragraphs is a cinch. ```go // Horizontally join three paragraphs along their bottom edges lipgloss.JoinHorizontal(lipgloss.Bottom, paragraphA, paragraphB, paragraphC) // Vertically join two paragraphs along their center axes lipgloss.JoinVertical(lipgloss.Center, paragraphA, paragraphB) // Horizontally join three paragraphs, with the shorter ones aligning 20% // from the top of the tallest lipgloss.JoinHorizontal(0.2, paragraphA, paragraphB, paragraphC) ``` ### Measuring Width and Height Sometimes you’ll want to know the width and height of text blocks when building your layouts. ```go // Render a block of text. var style = lipgloss.NewStyle(). Width(40). Padding(2) var block string = style.Render(someLongString) // Get the actual, physical dimensions of the text block. width := lipgloss.Width(block) height := lipgloss.Height(block) // Here's a shorthand function. w, h := lipgloss.Size(block) ``` ### Placing Text in Whitespace Sometimes you’ll simply want to place a block of text in whitespace. ```go // Center a paragraph horizontally in a space 80 cells wide. The height of // the block returned will be as tall as the input paragraph. block := lipgloss.PlaceHorizontal(80, lipgloss.Center, fancyStyledParagraph) // Place a paragraph at the bottom of a space 30 cells tall. The width of // the text block returned will be as wide as the input paragraph. block := lipgloss.PlaceVertical(30, lipgloss.Bottom, fancyStyledParagraph) // Place a paragraph in the bottom right corner of a 30x80 cell space. block := lipgloss.Place(30, 80, lipgloss.Right, lipgloss.Bottom, fancyStyledParagraph) ``` You can also style the whitespace. For details, see [the docs][docs]. ## Rendering Tables Lip Gloss ships with a table rendering sub-package. ```go import "github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss/table" ``` Define some rows of data. ```go rows := [][]string{ {"Chinese", "您好", "你好"}, {"Japanese", "こんにちは", "やあ"}, {"Arabic", "أهلين", "أهلا"}, {"Russian", "Здравствуйте", "Привет"}, {"Spanish", "Hola", "¿Qué tal?"}, } ``` Use the table package to style and render the table. ```go var ( purple = lipgloss.Color("99") gray = lipgloss.Color("245") lightGray = lipgloss.Color("241") headerStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(purple).Bold(true).Align(lipgloss.Center) cellStyle = lipgloss.NewStyle().Padding(0, 1).Width(14) oddRowStyle = cellStyle.Foreground(gray) evenRowStyle = cellStyle.Foreground(lightGray) ) t := table.New(). Border(lipgloss.NormalBorder()). BorderStyle(lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(purple)). StyleFunc(func(row, col int) lipgloss.Style { switch { case row == table.HeaderRow: return headerStyle case row%2 == 0: return evenRowStyle default: return oddRowStyle } }). Headers("LANGUAGE", "FORMAL", "INFORMAL"). Rows(rows...) // You can also add tables row-by-row t.Row("English", "You look absolutely fabulous.", "How's it going?") ``` Print the table. ```go fmt.Println(t) ``` ![Table Example](https://github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss/assets/42545625/6e4b70c4-f494-45da-a467-bdd27df30d5d) > [!WARNING] > Table `Rows` need to be declared before `Offset` otherwise it does nothing. ### Table Borders There are helpers to generate tables in markdown or ASCII style: #### Markdown Table ```go table.New().Border(lipgloss.MarkdownBorder()).BorderTop(false).BorderBottom(false) ``` ``` | LANGUAGE | FORMAL | INFORMAL | |----------|--------------|-----------| | Chinese | Nǐn hǎo | Nǐ hǎo | | French | Bonjour | Salut | | Russian | Zdravstvuyte | Privet | | Spanish | Hola | ¿Qué tal? | ``` #### ASCII Table ```go table.New().Border(lipgloss.ASCIIBorder()) ``` ``` +----------+--------------+-----------+ | LANGUAGE | FORMAL | INFORMAL | +----------+--------------+-----------+ | Chinese | Nǐn hǎo | Nǐ hǎo | | French | Bonjour | Salut | | Russian | Zdravstvuyte | Privet | | Spanish | Hola | ¿Qué tal? | +----------+--------------+-----------+ ``` For more on tables see [the docs](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss?tab=doc) and [examples](https://github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss/tree/master/examples/table). ## Rendering Lists Lip Gloss ships with a list rendering sub-package. ```go import "github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss/list" ``` Define a new list. ```go l := list.New("A", "B", "C") ``` Print the list. ```go fmt.Println(l) // • A // • B // • C ``` Lists have the ability to nest. ```go l := list.New( "A", list.New("Artichoke"), "B", list.New("Baking Flour", "Bananas", "Barley", "Bean Sprouts"), "C", list.New("Cashew Apple", "Cashews", "Coconut Milk", "Curry Paste", "Currywurst"), "D", list.New("Dill", "Dragonfruit", "Dried Shrimp"), "E", list.New("Eggs"), "F", list.New("Fish Cake", "Furikake"), "J", list.New("Jicama"), "K", list.New("Kohlrabi"), "L", list.New("Leeks", "Lentils", "Licorice Root"), ) ``` Print the list. ```go fmt.Println(l) ```

Lists can be customized via their enumeration function as well as using `lipgloss.Style`s. ```go enumeratorStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("99")).MarginRight(1) itemStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("212")).MarginRight(1) l := list.New( "Glossier", "Claire’s Boutique", "Nyx", "Mac", "Milk", ). Enumerator(list.Roman). EnumeratorStyle(enumeratorStyle). ItemStyle(itemStyle) ``` Print the list.

List example

In addition to the predefined enumerators (`Arabic`, `Alphabet`, `Roman`, `Bullet`, `Tree`), you may also define your own custom enumerator: ```go l := list.New("Duck", "Duck", "Duck", "Duck", "Goose", "Duck", "Duck") func DuckDuckGooseEnumerator(l list.Items, i int) string { if l.At(i).Value() == "Goose" { return "Honk →" } return "" } l = l.Enumerator(DuckDuckGooseEnumerator) ``` Print the list:

If you need, you can also build lists incrementally: ```go l := list.New() for i := 0; i < repeat; i++ { l.Item("Lip Gloss") } ``` ## Rendering Trees Lip Gloss ships with a tree rendering sub-package. ```go import "github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss/tree" ``` Define a new tree. ```go t := tree.Root("."). Child("A", "B", "C") ``` Print the tree. ```go fmt.Println(t) // . // ├── A // ├── B // └── C ``` Trees have the ability to nest. ```go t := tree.Root("."). Child("macOS"). Child( tree.New(). Root("Linux"). Child("NixOS"). Child("Arch Linux (btw)"). Child("Void Linux"), ). Child( tree.New(). Root("BSD"). Child("FreeBSD"). Child("OpenBSD"), ) ``` Print the tree. ```go fmt.Println(t) ```

Tree Example (simple)

Trees can be customized via their enumeration function as well as using `lipgloss.Style`s. ```go enumeratorStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("63")).MarginRight(1) rootStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("35")) itemStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("212")) t := tree. Root("⁜ Makeup"). Child( "Glossier", "Fenty Beauty", tree.New().Child( "Gloss Bomb Universal Lip Luminizer", "Hot Cheeks Velour Blushlighter", ), "Nyx", "Mac", "Milk", ). Enumerator(tree.RoundedEnumerator). EnumeratorStyle(enumeratorStyle). RootStyle(rootStyle). ItemStyle(itemStyle) ``` Print the tree.

Tree Example (makeup)

The predefined enumerators for trees are `DefaultEnumerator` and `RoundedEnumerator`. If you need, you can also build trees incrementally: ```go t := tree.New() for i := 0; i < repeat; i++ { t.Child("Lip Gloss") } ``` --- ## FAQ

Why are things misaligning? Why are borders at the wrong widths?

This is most likely due to your locale and encoding, particularly with regard to Chinese, Japanese, and Korean (for example, zh_CN.UTF-8 or ja_JP.UTF-8). The most direct way to fix this is to set RUNEWIDTH_EASTASIAN=0 in your environment.

For details see https://github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss/issues/40.

Why isn't Lip Gloss displaying colors?

Lip Gloss automatically degrades colors to the best available option in the given terminal, and if output's not a TTY it will remove color output entirely. This is common when running tests, CI, or when piping output elsewhere.

If necessary, you can force a color profile in your tests with SetColorProfile.

```go import ( "github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss" "github.com/muesli/termenv" ) lipgloss.SetColorProfile(termenv.TrueColor) ``` _Note:_ this option limits the flexibility of your application and can cause ANSI escape codes to be output in cases where that might not be desired. Take careful note of your use case and environment before choosing to force a color profile.

## What about [Bubble Tea][tea]? Lip Gloss doesn’t replace Bubble Tea. Rather, it is an excellent Bubble Tea companion. It was designed to make assembling terminal user interface views as simple and fun as possible so that you can focus on building your application instead of concerning yourself with low-level layout details. In simple terms, you can use Lip Gloss to help build your Bubble Tea views. [tea]: https://github.com/charmbracelet/tea ## Under the Hood Lip Gloss is built on the excellent [Termenv][termenv] and [Reflow][reflow] libraries which deal with color and ANSI-aware text operations, respectively. For many use cases Termenv and Reflow will be sufficient for your needs. [termenv]: https://github.com/muesli/termenv [reflow]: https://github.com/muesli/reflow ## Rendering Markdown For a more document-centric rendering solution with support for things like lists, tables, and syntax-highlighted code have a look at [Glamour][glamour], the stylesheet-based Markdown renderer. [glamour]: https://github.com/charmbracelet/glamour ## Contributing See [contributing][contribute]. [contribute]: https://github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss/contribute ## Feedback We’d love to hear your thoughts on this project. Feel free to drop us a note! - [Twitter](https://twitter.com/charmcli) - [The Fediverse](https://mastodon.social/@charmcli) - [Discord](https://charm.sh/chat) ## License [MIT](https://github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss/raw/master/LICENSE) --- Part of [Charm](https://charm.sh).

Charm热爱开源 • Charm loves open source [docs]: https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss?tab=doc [wish]: https://github.com/charmbracelet/wish [ssh-example]: examples/ssh